Not Drinking Enough Water
The single most preventable cause of kidney stones is low urine output. When you do not drink enough water, urine becomes concentrated and minerals crystallise. The Indian Council of Medical Research recommends at least 2.5 to 3 litres of fluid per day for adults in tropical climates. Most Indians working indoors in air conditioning drink far less, and those working outdoors lose fluid faster than they replace it. Pale yellow urine is the target. Dark yellow or amber means the kidney is already working harder than it should.
