Russia's government is trying to shut the Moscow Helsinki Group, one of the country's oldest human rights organisations, according to a notice on a Moscow court website seen on Tuesday.
The group, which traces its roots to the Soviet era, produces an annual report on Russia's human rights situation.
Valery Borshov, co-chair of the Moscow Helsinki Group, said authorities had put forward a "nonsense" allegation that the group's own charters barred it from defending human rights outside the capital - something it has always openly done.