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The Guardian - UK
The Guardian - UK
World

Mussolini’s March on Rome was neither peaceful nor bloodless

Benito Mussolini and members of his National Fascist party in Rome on 28 October 1922.
Benito Mussolini and members of his National Fascist party in Rome on 28 October 1922. Photograph: AP

In her article about the TV series Mussolini: Son of the Century, about the rise to power of Benito Mussolini in Italy, Caroline Moorehead writes: “The March on Rome was, in fact, concluded not in widespread bloodshed, as the series suggests, but remarkably peacefully. In Milan, Turin and Parma, where opposition was expected, the fascists took control quietly and smoothly” (As the far right surges around the globe, what can a new TV series about Mussolini teach us?, 26 February).

Try telling that to the people of the neighbourhood of San Lorenzo in Rome, where numerous residents were killed by armed blackshirts during the March on Rome in October 1922. Argos Secondari was a well-known anti-fascist in Rome. He was attacked in his home by numerous fascists and savagely beaten, never recovering from his head injuries and ending his life in a psychiatric hospital. Giuseppe Lemmi, a communist, was kidnapped from the street by hundreds of blackshirts. His hair and beard were shaved, he was forced to drink castor oil, and he was paraded through the streets with humiliating signs around his neck. Many ordinary people were murdered in Rome and in other cities at that time, while private homes were raided and sacked.

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