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Linda Chisholm, Professor of Education, University of Johannesburg

What school textbooks in South Africa say about the Cold War -- and why it matters

Textbook writers must record multiple perspectives to allow pupils to examine all sides and decide on ethical issues for themselves. Shutterstock

South Africa’s stance on Russia’s invasion of Ukraine isn’t that surprising in light of its treatment of the Cold War in the school history curriculum and textbooks. In these it’s reflected as having had a negative impact on Africa.

The Cold War (1945-1990) ranged the United States and its allies against their rival nuclear superpower, the Soviet Union. What textbooks contain is significant for being the officially approved representation of the nation’s history. This “official knowledge” usually embeds social controversies in ways that favour ruling groups.

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