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The Conversation
The Conversation
Tom W. Allen, Associate Research Professor of Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University

What is Fusarium graminearum, the fungus a Chinese scientist pleaded guilty to smuggling into the US?

Wheat infected by *_Fusarium_*, a toxic fungus, has kernels that appear white with orange at the base. Klaus-Dietmar Gabbert/picture alliance via Getty Images

A Chinese plant scientist at the University of Michigan who drew national attention in June 2025 when she was arrested and accused along with another Chinese scientist of smuggling a crop-damaging fungus into the U.S. pleaded guilty on Nov. 12, 2025, to charges of smuggling and making false statements to the FBI. Under her plea agreement, Yunqing Jian, 33, was sentenced to time served and expected to be deported.

Her arrest put a spotlight on Fusarium graminearum, a harmful pathogen. But while its risk to grains such as wheat, corn and rice can be alarming, Fusarium isn’t new to American farmers. The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates it costs wheat and barley farmers more than $1 billion a year.

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