Though thousands of kilometres away from the front-line in Ukraine, the consequences of Vladimir Putin's deadly war are being sharply felt in Kazakhstan.
Nestled in the foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains, locals in the sprawling metropolis of Almaty will tell you there has been a noticeable shift since September 24.
There are more Russian visitors at train stations, on city streets and inside the city's cosy cafes.
