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The Conversation
Helen King, Professor Emerita, Classical Studies, The Open University

Speculum: the creepy history of this ancient gynaecological device and why it’s still feared today

Vaginal and anal speculum were used by the ancient Greeks and Romans. Shutterstock/Praisaeng

Women’s health is in crisis. In many places, gynaecology waiting lists are rising or are even at record lengths.

Even when a woman sees a specialist, there are terrifying accounts of what human rights body the Council of Europe defines as “gynaecological violence”. That includes not just performing diagnostic procedures without adequate pain control, but also a lack of compassion for the patient. Such reports are shocking, but perhaps not surprising when you consider how little some aspects of women’s medicine have changed in hundreds of years – and the unpleasant history they carry.

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