TALLINN, Estonia (AP) — Russian President Vladimir Putin recently engaged in a lengthy history lesson with Tucker Carlson, emphasizing the historical ties between Ukrainians and Russians dating back centuries. This tactic is not new for the Russian government, which has long used history as a propaganda tool to further political objectives.
In an attempt to shape public opinion, Russian authorities have glorified past victories while downplaying darker aspects of history. Textbooks have been rewritten, historical exhibitions funded, and dissenting voices suppressed. The government's narrative portrays Russia as a perennial victim surrounded by enemies seeking to weaken the nation.
Under Putin's leadership, the glorification of Russian history has intensified, with controversial figures like Stalin being hailed as contributors to Russia's greatness. The government has pushed for a single state-approved historical narrative, culminating in the release of new history textbooks that promote a skewed version of events, including justifying Moscow's military actions in Ukraine.
State-funded history parks and exhibitions have further perpetuated this narrative, drawing criticism for inaccuracies and glorification of Russian rulers. The defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II holds a central place in this narrative, with Victory Day becoming a key national holiday under Putin's regime.
However, dissent or critical examination of historical events has faced increasing repression in Russia. Independent media outlets have been censored, laws criminalizing the spread of 'false information' about Soviet actions in World War II have been enacted, and historians researching Stalin-era atrocities have been targeted.
The Kremlin's efforts to control historical memory have intensified since the conflict in Ukraine began, with grassroots movements focused on Soviet-era repression facing increased scrutiny. The government's historical narrative emphasizes the primacy of the state, self-sacrifice, and a cult of war, providing ideological justification for aggressive actions like the invasion of Ukraine.
Putin's use of history to legitimize his regime dates back to the beginning of his rule, with recent constitutional amendments emphasizing Russia's historical unity and protection of 'historical truth.' As history continues to be weaponized for political gain, the manipulation of historical narratives remains a powerful tool in shaping public opinion in Russia.
