Canine parvovirus, sometimes nicknamed parvo, is what every new puppy guardian and breeder fears the most. The incredibly infectious virus can see healthy dogs die within 24 hours of displaying symptoms and is often the result of a dog's natural curiosity.
A recent heart-breaking account reported by NottinghamshireLive detailed how Cara Louise's 20-week-old Staffordshire Bull Terrier pup died suddenly, after taking him to the vets for treatment.
"It was absolutely rammed with dogs in the same condition," the 35-year-old said. "Blu had to be treated in the car park it was so busy. He was given his medication but within an hour he had passed away at my mum's side.
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"There's a massive outbreak [of parvovirus]. Everybody should be made aware of how serious it is."
Ms Louise believes the dog had either picked it up while walking near her house in Broxtowe or her mum's in Bilborough.
What is canine parvovirus?
The Kennel Club describe parvo as a "highly contagious and very serious disease that is often deadly if left untreated". The virus attacks the intestines and immune systems of affected puppies and dogs, making them weak and unable to absorb essential nutrients from food.
The virus spreads through direct or indirect contact with a dog carrying it, or a contaminated object. A puppy is exposed to parvovirus every time they sniff, lick or consume infected faeces. They can also become infected when coming into contact with a contaminated object such as toy or food and water bowls.
You may also pass parvo on to your dog if you have recently come into contact with an infected dog.
"The outbreak has been horrendous, it's more pups that have been passing away," Ms Louise told us. Issuing advice for other dog owners, she added: "People need to make sure they wash their dogs' paws when they come home and they should disinfect their homes and gardens.
"It's like Covid but for dogs. People might think their dog will be OK if they're vaccinated but they can still catch it. Blu was a very happy laid back dog who loved a good fuss - the sudden change to him was worrying."
Parvovirus symptoms
Describing her ordeal with Blu, Cara says: "He lost his appetite and he started to be sick when I gave him back to my mum on Saturday, then he began sicking up blood and got diarrhoea."
Thankfully, there are also some common signs to look out for and by spotting them early, you give your pup the best chance of surviving. The Kennel Club say signs of parvovirus usually begin five to seven days after infection, but can range from two to 14 days.
Initially, signs include:
- a high temperature
- having less energy
- being off their food
From 24-48 hours there may be:
- vomiting
- diarrhoea (often severe and with blood in it)
Dogs with parvo become dehydrated very quickly and it is vital that you contact your vet immediately.
How to avoid your dog getting parvovirus
Firstly, your dog should be vaccinated against parvovirus as soon as possible. In the UK, this means at eight weeks, the second round at 12 weeks, then third at 16 weeks old.
Puppies six weeks to six months are most susceptible to developing the virus, as dogs younger than six weeks still possess some of their mother's antibodies.
Viruses like parvo are rife in illegal puppy farms, as dogs are snatched away from their mothers too quickly and often live in squalid conditions.
To protect your pup further, do not allow them to go near any animal faeces or come into contact with unvaccinated dogs.
Breeds at most risk of parvovirus
According to the American Kennel Club, owners of certain breeds need to be even more aware of parvovirus risks. These are
- Rottweilers
- Doberman Pinschers
- American Staffordshire Terriers
- English Springer Spaniels
- German Shepherds
- Labrador Retrievers
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