DBT-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (DBT-NIAB) scientists have announced a major scientific breakthrough of decoding the genome of indigenous cows. For the first time, a reference-grade whole genome ‘de novo’ (afresh) assembly has been created for any indigenous breed of cattle, with collaboration from the USDA-ARS (US Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service).
Indigenous cattle are known for their resilience to various diseases and abiotic stress, such as drought and heat, and have unique traits when compared to their western/exotic counterparts. The newly generated reference genome will provide valuable information that can be used to accurately identify genes and variations that are responsible for the unique characteristics of indigenous cattle. This achievement comes 14 years after the genome sequence of western/exotic ‘Brahman’ cattle became available, said scientists.
“This genome decoding has important implications in future research and will help us to better understand and conserve our cattle breeds. It will facilitate the development of highly productive and resilient indigenous cattle, enabling them to compete with exotic breeds and crossbred varieties in the future. It is the result of consistent and diligent efforts by the institute to enhance the genetic potential of the indigenous bovine,” said NIAB Director G. Taru Sharma.
