Mindfulness is often presented as a path to calm, but its Buddhist roots explain why it can also bring difficulties

New research is asking: 'For whom does meditation work?' Ridofranz/iStock / Getty Images Plus

Mindfulness meditation has become increasingly popular in the United States and around the world in recent decades. Apps such as Headspace, Calm and Plum Village – inspired by the Vietnamese Buddhist monk Thich Nhat Hanh – are helping people build a steady practice, reduce stress and improve sleep.

The practice, which involves paying attention to present-moment experience with openness and awareness, is also taught in public schools and workplaces in the United States. In addition, evidence-based mindfulness programs are frequently used in U.S. hospitals and clinics. Legendary former NBA coach Phil Jackson, has even encouraged practicing mindfulness on the basketball court.