MacKenzie Scott took a different path from Warren Buffett, Bill Gates and Melinda French Gates after becoming one of the world's wealthiest women. While the three billionaires helped create the Giving Pledge to encourage wealthy people to donate most of their fortunes, Scott developed her own approach to philanthropy, focused on giving money quickly and trusting organisations to decide how it should be used. Surprisingly, the idea behind her approach can be traced back to a passage she had underlined years earlier in a college book.