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The Guardian - UK
The Guardian - UK
Comment
Sanam Vakil

Iran may yet endure this war, but the Islamic Republic as we have known it cannot survive unchanged

A man displaying a portrait of Iranian supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei at a protest in support of Iran in Basra, Iraq, 28 February 2026
A man displaying a portrait of Iranian supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei at a protest in support of Iran in Basra, Iraq, 28 February 2026. Photograph: Essam Al-Sudani/Reuters

The coordinated strikes on Iran launched by the United States and Israel in the early hours of Saturday morning formally reignited a conflict that had been simmering since last summer’s 12-day war. They targeted key command structures and killed senior figures, most notably Iran’s supreme leader Ali Khamenei, who had been in power since 1989. Donald Trump marked his demise with a post saying “one of the most evil people in history” was dead, adding: “This is not only justice for the people of Iran, but for all Great Americans.”

Israel has published reports claiming that Mohammad Pakpour, commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), defence minister Aziz Nasirzadeh and Admiral Ali Shamkhani, head of the defence council, have also been killed. In response, Iranian forces have fired missiles and drones at Israel, at US bases in the Gulf, Iraq and Jordan, and at some civilian targets across the Gulf. Events are moving quickly, but far from predictably.

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