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The Guardian - UK
The Guardian - UK
Science

Human stupidity is nothing new in politics

President Donald Trump speaks with reporters before he departs on Air Force One at Morristown airport on 14 September 2025.
‘William Davies’ article on stupidity touched on the rich lexicon that has arisen during the Trump era.’ Photograph: Alex Brandon/AP

As part of my academic paper How Could I Have Been So Stupid?, I argue that, throughout history, human stupidity has always been a relevant issue, with enormous political consequences (A critique of pure stupidity: understanding Trump 2.0, 2 October). Much of what we believe to be “rational” is shaped by delusion: we cling to simplified explanations, even when evidence proves them false.

Human beings have always lived with a psychological structural stupidity, a kind of symbolic impoverishment contained within our intelligent capacities, a tendency to mythologise events, distort memory and behave as if half aware of our own misperceptions. We idealise leaders, invent grandiose theories and develop conspiracy stories hoping that they will all fulfil our deepest yearnings; they feel real enough to shape collective behaviour, whether in politics, religion or social movements.

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