El Salvador’s congress granted President Nayib Bukele’s request to declare a state of emergency early Sunday during a wave of gang-related killings over the weekend.
Fourteen people were killed on Friday and 62 people died Saturday, a scale of violence that has not been seen for years. By comparison, there were 79 homicides in the entire month of February.
Mr Bukele announced the request on Saturday in his social media accounts, and congress approved it early Sunday. The decree would suspend constitutional guarantees of freedom of assembly and loosen arrest rules for as much as 30 days, but could be extended.
The homicides appeared linked to the country's notorious street gangs, who effectively control many neighborhoods in the the capital. The National Police reported they have captured five leaders of the Mara Salvatrucha or MS-13, who they claimed ordered the weekend killings.
Mr Bukele announced the request in his social media accounts, and taunted those who opposed the measure, saying: “Is the opposition coming out to defend the gang members?”
While Mr Bukele has tried to project a tough attitude on crime, the country's enormously powerful street gangs have proved a double-edged sword for him.
“We must remind the people of El Salvador that what is happening now is due to the negligence of those who protected criminals," the conservative Arena party said in a statement.
That was an apparent reference to a December report by the US Treasury Department that said Mr Mr Bukele’s government secretly negotiated a truce with leaders of the gangs. That contradicted Mr Bukele’s denials and raised tensions between the two nations.
The US government alleges Mr Bukele’s government bought the gangs’ support with financial benefits and privileges for their imprisoned leaders including prostitutes and cellphones.
The explosive accusations cuts to the heart of one of Mr Bukele’s most highly touted successes in office: a plunge in the country’s homicide rate.
The president responded sarcastically via Twitter to the accusations. “Cell phones and prostitutes in the prisons? Money to the gangs? When did that happen? Didn’t they even check the date? How can they put out a such an obvious lie without anyone questioning them?”
Mr Bukele vehemently denied the accusation when it was reported in August 2020 by the local news site El Faro.
In 2020, Mr Bukele’s administration ‘’provided financial incentives to Salvadoran gangs MS-13 and 18th Street Gang (Barrio 18) to ensure that incidents of gang violence and the number of confirmed homicides remained low,” the Treasury statement said. “Over the course of these negotiations with Luna and Marroquin, gang leadership also agreed to provide political support to the Nuevas Ideas political party in upcoming elections.”
Mr Bukele’s New Ideas party has a majority in El Salvador’s congress.
The revelations raised tensions between Mr Bukele and the Biden administration. After the new congress removed the attorney general and the justices of the constitutional chamber of the Supreme Court in May, the US government expressed concern over the direction of the country.
The US Agency for International Development announced it would shift aid from government agencies in El Salvador to non-governmental organisations.
El Salvador's new attorney general in June announced the government was cancelling the Organization of American States' anti-corruption mission in the Central American country.
Mr Bukele enjoys extremely high popularity. He stepped into a political vacuum left by discredited traditional parties from the left and right.
