This week, a poultry facility in Michigan and an egg producer in Texas both confirmed outbreaks of avian flu. The virus has also been detected in dairy cows, marking the first known case of a human contracting bird flu from a mammal.
Expert Insights
Dr. Mandy Cohen, the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, emphasized that while the risk to the public remains low, the emergence of the virus in cattle raises concerns. Cohen highlighted that preparations for avian flu have been ongoing for two decades.
Understanding Bird Flu
Avian flu viruses primarily affect birds, with Type A H5N1 being identified since 1959. Over time, the virus has evolved and spread to various animal species globally, including dogs, cats, and marine mammals.
Impact in the U.S.
The U.S. has seen widespread cases of bird flu in wild birds, commercial poultry, backyard flocks, and now livestock. The virus has led to significant poultry losses and has been detected in dairy herds across multiple states.
Human Cases and Symptoms
Since 1997, nearly 900 human cases of bird flu have been reported globally, resulting in over 460 deaths. In the U.S., there have been only two cases, with mild symptoms reported. Symptoms of bird flu include cough, body aches, fever, and potentially life-threatening pneumonia.
Transmission Concerns
While most human infections originate from birds, scientists are monitoring for potential human-to-human transmission. Past instances of limited person-to-person spread have occurred, but current U.S. health officials stress that the risk remains low.
Overall, health authorities are closely monitoring the situation and emphasizing the importance of ongoing surveillance and preparedness to mitigate the spread of avian flu.
