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John Peterson, Assoc. Professor of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University

Astronomy has a major data problem – simulating realistic images of the sky can help train algorithms

A simulation of a set of synthetic galaxies. Photons are sampled from these galaxies and have been simulated through the Earth's atmosphere, a telescope and a sensor using a code called PhoSim. John Peterson/Purdue

Professional astronomers don’t make discoveries by looking through an eyepiece like you might with a backyard telescope. Instead, they collect digital images in massive cameras attached to large telescopes.

Just as you might have an endless library of digital photos stored in your cellphone, many astronomers collect more photos than they would ever have the time to look at. Instead, astronomers like me look at some of the images, then build algorithms and later use computers to combine and analyze the rest.

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