A 3-month-old girl was referred to a hospital oral pathology department because her tongue would not stop looking wrong. Three weeks earlier, her pediatrician had diagnosed thrush on appearance alone and prescribed nystatin by mouth, without ordering any test to confirm a fungal infection.
The drug did nothing. Ten days in, the pediatrician finally took a swab. It came back negative for fungus. The antifungal continued anyway, and the baby was referred onward.