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The Conversation
The Conversation
Justin Willis, Professor of History, Durham University

Why has Sudan descended into mass slaughter? The answer goes far beyond simple ethnic conflict

Sudan RSF Rapid Support Forces Abdel Fattah Burhan El Fasher Janjaweed SAF Darfur Khartoum War Crimes

The recent capture of the western Sudanese city of El Fasher by the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has been followed by allegations of appalling war crimes: massacres, looting and rapes.

There is much reason to believe the allegations from Sudan are credible. UN leaders and experts, most western governments and the International Criminal Court have acknowledged reports of the atrocities and condemned the killing of civilians as a potential war crimes.

Formerly a government-sponsored militia, since April 2023 the RSF has been at war with its former allies in the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF). Throughout its existence the RSF has been notorious for violence, and every RSF military success has been accompanied by gross violations of human rights.

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