Broadly speaking, the farther you get from the equator, the colder the average temperatures are. It's a major reason why the North and South poles are some of the coldest places on Earth, while many of the hottest deserts are concentrated near the center of the planet.
But that logic doesn't apply to parts of Western Europe. For example, the average January high in London is 47 degrees Fahrenheit (8.3 degrees Celsius), but Calgary, Alberta, 4,400 miles (7,100 kilometers) west of London, has an average January high in the low 30s (less than 1 C). Both cities are at nearly the same latitude: London sits at 51.5 degrees, and Calgary is at a latitude of 51 degrees, meaning they are about an equal distance from the equator.
