A grapevine can spend months producing a beautiful crop, only to turn into a tiny fruit-cracking factory right when those grapes start looking delicious. Grapes often split near ripening because the berries suddenly take on water faster than their skins can stretch, especially after a dry spell followed by heavy rain or deep watering.
Splitting usually gives gardeners a useful clue rather than a gardening mystery worthy of a detective novel. A few changes to watering, vine management, and pest control can reduce the problem and help more grapes make it from the vine to the kitchen instead of becoming snacks for insects, birds, and every opportunistic creature in the neighborhood.