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Jack McNamara, Senior Lecturer in Clinical Exercise Physiology, University of East London

What happens to strength, balance, stamina and reflexes as you age – and what you can do about it

Elena Rostunova/Shutterstock.com

Here is a finding that surprises most people, including plenty of regular gym-goers. When researchers tracked nearly 1,900 older adults (aged 70-79) over three years, those who held on to their muscle mass, and even those who gained some, still lost strength. Leg strength declined about three times faster than muscle mass.

That gap matters because it tells you something the mirror does not. Legs can look much the same while the force they produce quietly drains away. It also explains why so much advice about ageing misses the mark. The question is not whether you are losing anything, because you are. The question is which losses you can do something about.

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