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The Guardian - UK
The Guardian - UK
World
David Hambling

Weatherwatch: ‘spicier’ Arctic Ocean is causing alarm

Kayaking at Monaco glacier in the Arctic Ocean
Kayakers in the Arctic Ocean. Temperature and salinity affect the density of seawater. Photograph: Ariadne Van Zandbergen/Alamy

Oceanographers sometimes classify seawater as either “spicy”, meaning warm and salty, or “minty”, when it is cooler and has a lower salt content. Temperature and salinity are important factors because of their effect on the density of seawater.

Cold water is heavier and tends to sink, which can drive large-scale movement. This contributes, for example, to the well-known El Niño oscillation off South America. Salty water is also denser, and again tends to sink.

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