Vitamin B12 is one of the most important vitamins the body needs in order to maintain the nervous system and avoid irreversible damage. Despite the role it plays in keeping people healthy however, around 6 per cent of adults aged 60 or younger have a vitamin B12 deficiency in the United States and United Kingdom.
The NHS says this is particularly concerning because consistently low levels of vitamin B12 can affect the nervous system and cause conditions such as peripheral neuropathy, which develops when nerves in the body's extremities, such as the hands, feet and arms, are damaged.
MyLondon reports that the main symptoms of peripheral neuropathy in your feet include numbness, tingling and muscle weakness. The NHS says: "These symptoms are usually constant, but may come and go."
The health body adds that it's important to see your GP if you're experiencing any of the above symptoms.
What causes B12 deficiency?
The most common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency in the UK is pernicious anaemia, an autoimmune condition whereby your immune system attacks the cells in your stomach that produce the intrinsic factor, which means your body is unable to absorb vitamin B12. However, others simply might not be getting enough vitamin B12 in their diet.
B12 is found naturally in meat and liver, fish, clams, eggs, milk and dairy products. As the richest sources of B12 are animal-based, vegetarians and vegans have a higher risk of having a B12 deficiency.
How to treat B12 Deficiency
Holland and Barrett says: "If you’re following a plant-based diet, taking a vitamin B12 supplement can help prevent a deficiency. Breast-feeding mothers could also consider a supplement, as they need an extra 0.5mcg a day."
The NHS also says most cases of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency can be easily treated with injections or tablets to replace the missing vitamins. While these treatments may be needed for the rest of your life, a diet improvement can help treat the condition in some cases.
