The rush to renewable energy means a new mining boom. But first, Australia needs to make some tough choices

Much of the technology needed to reduce fossil fuels requires the mining of what are known as "critical minerals". (Four Corners: Nick Wiggins)

Electric cars, solar panels, large batteries and wind turbines — the technology needed to go green relies on what can be a dirty industry.

"It's absolutely ironic, but to save the planet we are going to need more mines," says Allison Britt, director of mineral resources at government agency Geoscience Australia.