The study highlighted that lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the risk of cancer. Smoking emerged as the leading risk factor, contributing to a substantial portion of cancer cases and deaths. Other key modifiable risk factors included excess body weight, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, poor diet, and infections like HPV.
Researchers analyzed 18 modifiable risk factors across 30 types of cancer, revealing that these factors were linked to over 700,000 new cancer cases and more than 262,000 deaths in 2019. The study emphasized that while genetics and environmental factors play a role in cancer development, modifiable risks account for a larger share of cases and deaths.
Dr. Arif Kamal, chief patient officer with the American Cancer Society, emphasized the importance of individuals taking control of their health to reduce cancer risk. He highlighted that certain cancers are more preventable than others, with modifiable risk factors contributing to over half of new cases for 19 of the 30 types of cancer evaluated.
Intervening on core behavioral risk factors such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, and regular exercise can have a significant impact on reducing cancer rates and improving outcomes. Creating environments that promote healthy choices is crucial, especially in disadvantaged neighborhoods where access to exercise facilities and healthy food stores may be limited.
Experts stressed the importance of establishing healthy habits early in life, as it becomes more challenging to reverse behaviors like smoking or weight gain later on. However, they also noted that it's never too late to make positive lifestyle changes, which can lead to profound benefits.
Reducing exposure to cancer risk factors can yield quick results, as the body combats cancer risks daily. Kamal highlighted that by minimizing risks, individuals can benefit from reduced cancer risk on a daily basis.
