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The Guardian - UK
The Guardian - UK
World
Aisha Down and Pjotr Sauer

Revealed: how Russia uses mobile ‘super-app’ Max to spy on its citizens

A person holding a smartphone with the Russian messenger and e-commerce app logo Max displayed on its screen, while standing in front of a Russian flag, in Moscow
Max is a product of VKontakte, a social media company deeply entangled with the Russian state. Photograph: Igor Ivanko/AFP/Getty Images

Over the past 18 months, tens of millions of Russians have been forced to install a new app on their phones – a violet-blue button designed for messaging and payments, called Max.

Authorities have touted it as a patriotic alternative to Telegram and WhatsApp; Russian glitterati have promoted it in rap videos and comic routines. This summer, it became the country’s most-used messaging app.

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