Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS), also known as low and no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS), are alternatives that contain zero or very low amounts of carbohydrates or energy. These sweeteners can act as an effective tool to reduce caloric content and sugar, which when consumed in excess and without proper diet or exercise, can lead to non-communicable diseases like diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular ailments etc. NNS are found in products like yogurt, snack bars, carbonated beverages, toothpaste, chewing gums and are used in minuscule quantities to deliver the desired level of sweetness, without contributing to calories. Some common examples of NNS include acesulfame K, aspartame, cyclamates, neotame, saccharin, sucralose, and stevia.
It is important to note that regulatory bodies such as the Joint FAO/ WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), United States Food and Drugs Administration (USFDA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) have approved the usage of NNS far below than even the acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels. While the use of NNS within the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) seems to be safe, it is crucial not to exceed these limits. ADI of any additive is a scientific estimate of the amount that can be ingested daily over a lifetime without posing a significant risk to health. Yet, the safety and potential health risks associated with NNS have been a subject of debate. So, let’s deep dive to understand it better.
