Lisa Nandy will pledge to create a Renters' Charter giving private tenants new powers in the first 100 days of a Labour government.
The shadow Levelling Up Secretary will on Monday vow to end automatic evictions for rent arrears and abolish no-fault evictions.
The new charter will include the right for renters to have pets, to make reasonable alterations to a property, and introduce a four month notice period for landlords.
It will also promise to create a national register of landlords, a legally binding decent homes standard, and examine schemes to make tenancy deposits "more portable".
At present many cash-strapped private renters are forced to pay upfront deposits when moving property - before getting their old one back.
Within the first weeks of a Labour government, the party said it will produce a white paper to make renting "fairer, more secure and more affordable".
It is expected to consult on proposals with landlord and tenant groups on how to stabilize rent increases with tenancies.
Some of the proposals were included in the Renters' Reform Bill introduced by Boris Johnson's government - but have been hit with delays.
Addressing Labour's conference in Liverpool, Ms Nandy will say: “For private renters we will tilt the balance of power back to you through a powerful new renters’ charter and a new decent homes standard – written into law.
"Because security in your home, the right to make your home your own, and most of all the right to live in a home that isn't cold, mouldy, damp and unfit for human habitation, is a fundamental right".
But some Labour figures are likely to demand the party goes further after warnings from Shelter that one in seven have been hit by a rent hike in recent weeks.
Labour's Mayor of London Sadiq Khan has previously called for a rent freeze - a measure also backed by the former shadow chancellor John McDonnell.
In her conference speech, Ms Nandy will also accuse the Tories of a "deliberate vandalism of our housing stock" and vow to build a new general of council housing if Labour wins power in 2024.
"The Tories have turned housing into a racket," she will say. "They started under Thatcher and now they've come back to finish the job. "Incentivising speculation and profiteering while millions languish on waiting lists in cold damp homes."
The party said under a Labour government social housing will be reprioritised again and become the second largest tenure.
Ms Nandy will add: "We'll tackle the housing crisis because there is nothing more important than a home".
Polly Neate, the chief executive of homelessness charity Shelter, said: “Our housing system has been broken for years, with a dire shortage of genuinely affordable homes at the heart of it.
"Last year, the government built less than 6,000 new social homes, despite over a million households being on the waiting list."
She added: “Instead, millions of people are trapped in private rentals paying increasingly extortionate sums to live in grossly insecure and unsafe homes, too scared to complain about dangerous conditions for fear of being served with a ‘no fault’ eviction notice.
“Every political party should be talking about reforming renting to make it fairer for tenants and building more social homes as part of their plans if we are ever going to solve the housing emergency.
"With rents rocketing and bills soaring we need bold action now more than ever."
