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Radio France Internationale
Radio France Internationale
World
RFI

Lebanon war reopens old divisions as fears grow for country's unity

Residents sit amid the rubble of a neighbourhood in the southern Lebanese city of Tyre after an Israeli strike on 18 April 2026. Months of war have displaced more than a million people and deepened political divisions across Lebanon.
Residents sit amid the rubble of a neighbourhood in the southern Lebanese city of Tyre after an Israeli strike on 18 April 2026. Months of war have displaced more than a million people and deepened political divisions across Lebanon. © Louisa Gouliamaki / Reuters

Israel's war in southern Lebanon is reopening old wounds far beyond the battlefield. More than a million people have been displaced since Israel and Hezbollah returned to full-scale conflict in March, while political leaders remain split over the powerful Shiite movement and negotiations with Israel. As calls for federalism and even partition become louder, the war is reviving debate over Lebanon's political system, national identity and territorial unity.

Months of fighting have devastated parts of southern Lebanon. Around 60 neighbourhoods have been completely destroyed, and Israel has established a de facto buffer zone covering 600 square kilometres of Lebanese territory.

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