In 2007, Capannori rejected a new incinerator and embraced zero waste. 19 years later, its door-to-door system helped push recycling above 80% and inspire Italy’s movement

Waste management can become a difficult challenge when communities must balance environmental concerns, public health, disposal needs and the habits of residents. Capannori, a small town in Tuscany, Italy, took a different path by moving away from incineration and developing a system centered on waste separation, reduction, reuse and prevention.

The town’s experience began with opposition to a proposed incinerator and developed into a broader Zero Waste approach that involved local authorities, residents, businesses and community organizations.