At dawn on October 28, residents of Rio de Janeiro woke to the sound of gunfire. Battles continued throughout the day in the favelas of Alemão and Penha, as police mounted a huge operation targeting the Commando Vermelho, or the Red Command, one of Brazil’s largest organised criminal gangs.
In the days that followed, as graphic images showed lines of bodies on the streets, it emerged that at least 115 civilians and four police officers had been killed, making it the most violent police operation in Brazilian history.
A poll carried out two days after the raid indicated that 62% of Rio residents supported the raid – rising to 88% in the favelas. But there were also protests against alleged extrajudicial killings and condemnation by the UN and other human rights organisations.
