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The Conversation
The Conversation
Mireille Rebeiz, Chair of Middle East Studies, Dickinson College

Hezbollah − degraded, weakened but not yet disarmed − destabilizes Lebanon once again

Black smoke billows from an Israeli airstrike in southern Beirut on March 4, 2026. Marwan Naamani/picture alliance via Getty Images

The fragile peace in Lebanon was already showing serious strains in the first months of 2026 – and then came the U.S.-Israeli strikes in Iran.

After the killing of Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Hezbollah – a Shiite paramilitary group and Iranian proxy operating from Lebanon – retaliated by launching rockets into the north of Israel. Israel responded with fresh strikes on Hezbollah targets in south Lebanon, Beirut and the Bekaa Valley in the east.

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