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The Conversation
The Conversation
Sara Harmouch, Research Fellow in Counterterrorism, George Washington University

From suicide bombers to positions of authority – the changing role of women in jihadi groups

Women are taking a more active role in jihadi organizations. Syria Deeply/https://deeply.thenewhumanitarian.org/syria

Khadra Essa, a Somali-born Dutch citizen operating in Syria under the name Umm Qaqa al-Somali, is a wanted woman.

On Sept. 14, 2026, the U.S. State Department again publicized its offer of up to US$5 million for information about her whereabouts, having first offered a reward in April 2025.

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