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Politics
Roger Southall, Professor of Sociology, University of the Witwatersrand

Death of a liberation movement: how South Africa’s ANC became just a regular political party – with some help from Jacob Zuma

The African National Congress (ANC), the party that’s led South Africa since the first democratic elections in 1994, has long considered itself a “liberation movement” – representing all South Africans, as the “voice of the people”.

But its dismal performance in the 2024 elections (winning only 40% of the national vote) confirms that its transition from the status of a liberation movement to just a political party is now complete. There can no longer be a pretence that it alone represents “the people”. It is now simply the largest among a host of ordinary political parties doing what ordinary political parties do: scrambling for votes, political power and influence.

I have studied the ANC since the days of the liberation struggle and as a party in power.

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