The latest United Nations climate summit (COP30) was held between 10 and 21 November in Belém, Brazil. Although the event did not end with any significant progress towards the goals of mitigating global warming or advancing climate finance, it did leave us with one positive outcome: a group of countries has launched an initiative to phase out fossil fuels.
This summit was groundbreaking for two interrelated reasons. The first is that, in contrast to the three previous conferences, which were heavily policed, the streets of Belém were filled with protests. Thousands of demonstrators, including a large number of indigenous people, gathered to demand environmental justice, a term that refers not only to the consequences of climate change, but also to the need to protect territories and lives from the local impacts of oil extraction activities.
