U.S. health officials have issued a warning regarding a rise in rare bacterial illnesses that can lead to meningitis and potentially fatal outcomes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) alerted U.S. doctors about a surge in cases of invasive meningococcal disease, primarily caused by a specific strain of bacteria.
In 2022, the U.S. reported 422 cases of this particular bacterial illness, marking the highest number in a year since 2014. As of this year, 143 cases have already been documented, indicating a potential surpassing of last year's figures. While most cases in 2022 did not involve meningitis, at least 17 individuals succumbed to the illness. The infections were notably more prevalent among adults aged 30 to 60, Black individuals, and those with HIV.
The bacteria responsible for this disease can trigger meningitis, a severe inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms may include fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, and in more severe cases, a dark purple rash. Additionally, the bacteria can lead to a bloodstream infection with symptoms such as chills, fatigue, cold extremities, rapid breathing, and diarrhea.
Although the infection can be treated with antibiotics, prompt medical intervention is crucial. An estimated 10% to 15% of infected individuals do not survive, and survivors may experience long-term complications like deafness or amputations.
Fortunately, there are vaccines available to combat meningococcal disease. Health officials recommend that all children receive a meningococcal conjugate vaccine, which offers protection against the prevalent strain, around the time they enter middle school. Since vaccine immunity diminishes over time, the CDC also advises a booster dose at age 16. Vaccinations are especially crucial for individuals at higher risk, such as those in outbreak zones or individuals with HIV or certain underlying health conditions.
It is essential for the public to stay informed about these developments and take necessary precautions to safeguard their health and well-being.
