Four years ago, Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine ignited Europe’s most significant conflict since the Second World War, unleashing immense suffering upon civilians and brutal ordeals for soldiers, while fundamentally reshaping the post-Cold War security landscape.
As the fighting enters its fifth year this Tuesday, there are no immediate indications of an end to the hostilities. Despite efforts by the Trump administration to broker peace talks between delegations from Moscow and Kyiv, progress has been consistently thwarted. Key disagreements, particularly concerning the future of Russian-occupied Ukrainian territory and the framework for Ukraine’s postwar security, remain unresolved.
