Scientists used fluorescent dye to study the groundwater in Yellowstone National Park in June 2005, and found that water that was disappearing into loose rock deposits travelled southeast through the underground system before emerging at Mammoth Hot Springs. The U.S. Geological Survey reported that groundwater covered a distance of 1.45 miles and had a vertical drop of about 500 feet in less than one day. The findings were documented by USGS hydrologists Lawrence E. Spangler and David D. Susong, who found a rapid underground connection between the area where stream water disappeared and the spring where it re-emerged.
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