Two garbage collectors sitting on top of the truck were struck and killed when it entered a motorway underpass in Kanchanaburi.
Police said the accident occurred as the rubbish truck passed beneath a motorway in Tha Maka district about 3.10pm on Tuesday.
Apinyo Benjachart, 24, and Narongsak Chanthong, 27, suffered fatal head injuries and were pronounced dead at nearby Makarak Hospital.
They were sitting on top of the loaded truck as it entered the underpass. The clearance was four metres and was clearly marked.
The truck driver said he was unaware the two men were sitting on top of the heaped bags of garbage. He heard the sound of the impact as he drove under the motorway.
Police have charged him with reckless driving causing death.