Antonio Gramsci, the Marxist theorist, ideologue, philosopher and journalist, has long been associated exclusively with communism and socialism. The late Italian thinker’s ideas have travelled the world, influencing elites and mass publics alike.
Remarkably, Gramsci has gained a following among the radical right as well, meaning among those whose political aspirations are in many ways the exact opposite of Gramsci’s Marxism. How?
As someone whose life and thoughts now appear in graphic novels and TikTok videos, Gramsci needs little introduction. A founding member and leader of the Communist Party of Italy, Gramsci spent his entire professional life fighting for workers’ rights and a more progressive society. This made him an enemy of the state.
