Two major demographic shocks are rattling the world, and one will lead to a Social Security cliff by 2033, JPMorgan warns

(Credit: Westend61—Getty Images)

Mortality rates are declining, and living beyond 90 is in reach for many, as medical advancements have made it possible to live longer than ever before. 

However, a longer lifespan presents an economic challenge. With the fertility rates hitting a historic low, more money will go out to retirees than will be coming in, bringing the world to a point of reckoning about how to keep from “falling off a demographic cliff," as posed at a recent symposium.