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The Guardian - UK
The Guardian - UK
World
Oliver Holmes, Seán Clarke and Lucy Swan

The US and Venezuela: a century-old relationship drenched in oil

Venezuelan and US flags overlaid on an image of a Venezuelan oil refinery
Venezuela’s importance to the US has been proven time and time again over the past century. Composite: Prina Shah for the Guardian/AP/AFP/Getty Images

Written in the middle of the last century, the US Department of State memo conveys its message in a curt and undiplomatically honest tone: the glue that binds Washington to Caracas is, and is always likely to be, oil.

“All US policies toward Venezuela are affected in greater or less degree by the objective of assuring an adequate supply of petroleum for the US,” the 1950 document reads.

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