As with the AI industry, investors often push the quantum computing industry aside as a "bubble." In both cases, however, it's important to acknowledge what this might mean. Quantum technology (like AI) is undoubtedly real and rapidly developing—even if it may not always be clear what the eventual end goal and use cases may be for those outside of the space. So concerns about a potential bubble have less to do with the technology itself and more with the question of whether current market valuations for quantum companies have grown too large too soon, given where that underlying tech is.
A balanced approach to evaluating a potential quantum bubble must consider valuations relative to revenue, profitability, commercial demand, cash run rate, and external threats.