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Jérôme Viala-Gaudefroy, Spécialiste de la politique américaine, Sciences Po

The MAGA International: Trump’s 2025 National Security Strategy as an ideological manifesto

On December 4, 2025, the Trump administration released its new National Security Strategy. Far from being a dry technocratic document, it reads like a blistering broadside against Europe, a reaffirmation of American exceptionalism, and a self-portrait of the president as a heroic defender of Western civilization against mortal threats. It is less a set of policy guidelines than a full-blown ideological proclamation.

In theory, the National Security Strategy (NSS) is a technocratic, non-binding document that every US president must submit to Congress during their time in office to provide an overall framework for the country’s foreign policy.

The version published by the Trump administration in 2025, however, looks far less like a “state paper” than a MAGA (Make America Great Again) manifesto. It panders to Trump’s political base as much as the rest of the world – beginning with Washington’s European allies, accused of betraying “true” democracy. For the first time, compared with the 2017 NSS, national security is framed almost entirely through Trumpian obsessions: immigration, culture wars, and nationalism.

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