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Science
Charles Paxton, Research Fellow, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews

The Loch Ness monster: a modern history

The so-called 'surgeon's photograph' taken by gynaecologist Robert Wilson (actually made from a toy submarine) first published in the Daily Mail in 1934. Pictorial Press Ltd / Alamy Stock Photo

Reports of Loch Ness monster sightings keep coming. The latest report, accompanied by a video, is of a 20-30ft long creature occasionally breaking the water’s surface. Although the video clearly shows a moving v-shaped wake it does not reveal the underlying source. The witnesses certainly saw something, but what?

There have been over 85 theories of what the Loch Ness monster is, ranging from the prosaic (wind slicks, reflections, plant debris and boat wakes) to the zoological implausible (anacondas, killer whales and the ocean sunfish) to the frankly bonkers (ghost dinosaurs). The people who came up with these theories were not necessarily that familiar with the loch.

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