The deep sea and the Arctic must be included in efforts to tackle climate change

Animals on the seafloor, such as corals and crinoids, take carbon into their bodies. When they die, this carbon is taken into seafloor sediments, where it is stored for hundreds and even thousands of years. (Schmidt Ocean Institute/Erik Cordes), CC BY

This year’s COP30 comes after the international Agreement on Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) finally acquired the required number of ratification votes by United Nations member states.