Who receives a Social Security payment on Sept. 23? See the schedule: September's Social Security payments wrap up this week. Anyone whose birthday falls between the 21st and the end of the month should see their check land on Wednesday, Sept. 23 — the third and final payment date the Social Security Administration uses each month. The agency has split beneficiaries into groups by birth date for years now, mostly so tens of millions of payments don't all hit the system at once. It's a quiet piece of bureaucratic scheduling that most people never think about until their own check is late.