The translation of a language used by Liverpool's criminal underworld was used as evidence in the conviction of drug kingpin Curtis Warren.
Known as back-slang, the use of the modified English has been associated with criminal activity since Victorian times. However, it's not solely used by criminals, it was once a common sound on the streets of Liverpool during people's childhoods.
If you wandered past a group of children in the city from the 1960s through to the 1990s, your ear may have caught onto what sounded like gibberish, but was in fact, back-slang. In Warren's case, he picked up back-slang as a young dealer on the streets of Toxteth.
