Several hundred people have gathered in Burkina Faso’s capital Ouagadougou in support of a military takeover that a day earlier deposed President Roch Kabore, as France and the UN condemned the West African country’s latest coup.
Officers detained and deposed democratically-elected Kabore in the volatile state on Monday amid deepening anger at his handling of violence by armed groups.
The Sahel country now lies in the hands of the Patriotic Movement for Preservation and Restoration (MPSR), the name of a group led by Lieutenant-Colonel Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba.
“We called for President Kabore’s departure several times, but he didn’t listen to us. The army heard us and understood,” Lassane Ouedrago, an activist in a grassroots group, told AFP news agency at the rally in Ouagadougou.
“As far as we’re concerned, it’s not a coup,” Julienne Traore, a 30-year-old teacher, told AFP.
“It’s the liberation of a country, which was being governed by people who were incompetent.”
Some demonstrators carried Malian and Russian flags – a reference to Mali’s military government, which in 2020 also took power on the back of protests over the response to armed group bloodshed and has recently depended security ties with Moscow.
Journalist Sam Mednick, reporting from Ouagadougou, said there is “a lot of support for this coup” amid the country’s security crisis.
Young soldiers particularly “who have experience in the field, they think that they can better secure the country than the previous regime who a lot of people said didn’t feel like they had a military strategy”, Mednick said.
On Monday night, a statement signed by Damiba announced the suspension of the constitution, the dissolution of the government and parliament, and the closure of the country’s borders from midnight.
The MPSR will re-establish “constitutional order” within a “reasonable time”, the statement said, adding that a nationwide 9pm to 5am curfew would be enforced.
Despite the latest turmoil, life in Ouagadougou seemed to continue as normal on Tuesday.
The city’s main market, shops and petrol stations were open, and there was no particular military presence in the centre, AFP news agency reported.
On Tuesday, the ruling military announced the resumption of air traffic while reopening land borders for vehicles carrying humanitarian, military and essential goods.
‘Very concerned’
West Africa has been rattled by three military coups in less than 18 months, beginning with Mali in August 2020 and Guinea in September 2021.
It is the latest bout of political turmoil to strike Burkina Faso, which has had little stability since gaining independence from France in 1960.
French President Emmanuel Macron condemned Burkina Faso’s “military coup” on Tuesday, while the UN human rights office said it “deeply deplores the military takeover of power”.
“We call on the military to immediately release President Roch Marc Christian Kabore and other high-level officials who have been detained,” the office’s spokeswoman, Ravina Shamdasani, told reporters in Geneva.
“We urge a swift return to constitutional order.”
France has committed thousands of troops to shoring up its former colonies Burkina Faso, Niger and Mali – three of the world’s most impoverished countries – in the face of a brutal armed group offensive.
The G5 Sahel, an anti-armed-group alliance that includes Chad, Mali, Mauritania and Niger as well as Burkina Faso, issued a statement saying it was “very concerned” by events and “strongly condemns this attempt to disrupt the constitutional order”.
On Monday, West African states in the ECOWAS bloc described the volatility as a “coup attempt” and held “soldiers responsible for [Kabore’s] physical wellbeing”.
In a statement on Tuesday, the bloc said it was holding an emergency session to discuss the coup. Shortly after, ECOWAS said in a separate statement that Kabore had resigned “under threat, intimidation and pressure from the military”.
According to Mednick, people rallying on Tuesday have been chanting: “Down, down with ECOWAS” over its comments and threat of sanctions.
The whereabouts of Kabore as well as Prime Minister Lassina Zerbo and other senior officials are unknown.
The ruling military said on Monday that “the operations [to overthrow Kabore] unfolded without bloodshed and without any physical violence towards the persons arrested, who are being held in a secure place with respect for their dignity”.
Deepening anger
Kabore’s downfall came amid deepening anger at the government’s failure to stem Burkina Faso’s security crisis.
Armed groups began launching cross-border raids from Mali in 2015, overwhelming the country’s poorly trained and badly equipped armed forces.
About 2,000 people have died, according to an AFP tally. In a country of 21 million, some 1.5 million people are internally displaced, according to the national emergency agency CONASUR.
Bloody attacks on the army, police and a volunteer civilian militia mounted throughout 2021, and accounts of negligence or indifference by top commanders sparked particular anger.
On Saturday, police used tear gas to disperse banned protests, arresting dozens of people.
The following day, troops began to mutiny in numerous barracks, and Kabore was toppled on Monday.
Kabore was elected in 2015, pitching himself as a beacon of hope after the long reign of strongman Blaise Compaore, who came to power in a putsch in 1987. That coup saw the assassination of Burkina’s revered revolutionary leader, Thomas Sankara – a death whose pall remains over the nation today. Kabore was re-elected in 2020.
